Digital cameras are a relatively new invention, born of technological
advances in the fields of microprocessors and compact data storage.
Aimed at improving and simplifying the process of taking and sharing
photos, especially for non-professional users, digital cameras offer
both advantages and disadvantages, across different digital models and
in comparison with traditional film cameras.
Digital cameras offer a variety of features beyond simple shooting. LCD viewfinders, which are available on all modern digital cameras, improve visibility and make framing photos easier. Many cameras boast features that make taking photos easier, such as anti-shake technology, face recognition and preset modes for different situations. Many digital cameras can also record audio and video, although not as well as a dedicated video camera.
Unlike traditional film cameras, which require the film to be developed,
digital cameras allow for immediate reviewing of photos through its
viewfinder screen. This allows for a certain amount of trial-and-error,
giving you an opportunity to retake a photo that didn't come out the
right way. While this is an upside for many photographers, especially
amateur ones, it could be argued that it also removes a lot of the
immediacy, spontaneity and artistry inherent in photography, leading to
photos that may be technically perfect but not as unique.
Photos taken with a digital camera are stored on memory cards, and can
be freely transferred to a computer whenever necessary. Coupled with the
ability to immediately delete unwanted photos, this means a
photographer using a digital camera can shoot many times the number of
photos possible with a traditional film camera before having to stop.
Furthermore, memory cards can be swapped at any time and there is no
danger of light exposure, while traditional film cameras must rewind
film to remove a canister or much of the photos could be destroyed.
Digital photographs can be saved in several different formats, each
having advantages and disadvantages. Most consumer-grade digital cameras
only have the option of saving photos in the JPEG format, with either
low, medium or high quality. Because JPEG is a lossy format, not all the
information captured by the camera's sensor will be preserved in the
saved photo, even when shooting at the highest quality setting. For
casual photography, this level of quality is perfectly sufficient.
Furthermore, the compression of a JPEG results in a smaller file size,
allowing for more photos to be taken without replacing the memory card.
The JPEG format is viewable in any modern browser, making it easier to
share photos online. In contrast, more advanced cameras, especially
those aimed at the professional photographer market, have the ability to
save in the uncompressed RAW or TIFF format. These formats result in
larger file sizes and are not widely supported by browsers, and
therefore require conversion to a different format before they can be
shared.
Certain features of digital cameras, chief among them the LCD
viewfinder, significantly increase the drain on the camera's batteries.
Although keeping the use of battery-heavy features to a minimum will
increase the camera's battery life, carrying around spare batteries is
essential, especially for extended shooting sessions
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